The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has launched an uncrewed spacecraft for the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission onboard an H3 rocket from the Yoshinobu Launch Complex at the Tanegashima Space Center in Japan.
The primary objective of the MMX mission is to collect and return samples from Phobos, a moon of Mars, to Earth. If successful, it will be the world’s first mission to return samples from a Martian moon. The spacecraft is projected to reach Mars in August 2027 and return to Earth in 2031.
The mission is carried out in collaboration with 4 international space agencies: NASA, European Space Agency, National Center for Space Studies (CNES) of France, and German Aerospace Center (DLR). It also carries a small rover named ‘IDEFIX’, developed by CNES and DLR, which will be deployed in early 2029 to orbit Phobos.