Recent 6 months news in International

The 48th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee (WHC) was held at the Busan Exhibition and Convention Center (BEXCO) in Busan, South Korea, under the chairmanship of Lee Byong Hyun. During the session, 25 new sites were inscribed, bringing the total number of UNESCO World Heritage (WH) sites to 1,273 across 173 countries.

This session marked the first-ever WH inscriptions for three African nations: Comoros, Sao Tome and Principe, and South Sudan. The Centre of Vienna (Austria) was removed from the list of World Heritage in Danger, while Mount Amel Castles (Lebanon) and Sebastia (State of Palestine) were included on an emergency basis.

The “Busan Declaration on World Heritage” was adopted to protect vulnerable assets. It introduced “collaboration” as the 6th “C” of the strategic objectives, joining the existing five: conservation, credibility, capacity-building, communication, and communities.

The committee adopted the “World Heritage Strategy for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) 2026-2034,” a roadmap supported by a $13 million budget. It is to be noted that the 49th session of the UNESCO WHC will be held in Istanbul, Turkiye, under the presidency of Mustafa Yurdakul.

The Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, participated in the 10th Anniversary Meeting of the South-East Asia Regulatory Network (SEARN) held in Kathmandu, Nepal.

During the meeting, the IPC is designated as the Regional Centre of Excellence in Pharmacovigilance and the Technical Centre in Quality. It is to be noted that the SEARN was established in 2016 by the World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO) as a platform to strengthen regulatory systems across its member states.

The Pacific island nation of Nauru, the third-smallest nation in the world, has officially changed its name to the 'Republic of Naoero'.

This name change is intended to preserve its indigenous language, 'dorerin Naoero', which the UNESCO classifies as severely endangered.

Venezuela, under Interim President Delcy Eloina Gomez, has formally notified the United Nations (UN) of its withdrawal from the Rome Statute, initiating the process to terminate its membership in the International Criminal Court (ICC).

The withdrawal will take effect one year after the notification. It is to be noted that the country originally become a State Party to the Rome Statute in 2002.

Spain is currently facing a migration crisis in its North African enclave of Ceuta, following an unprecedented surge of 60,000 migrants crossing from Morocco.

It is to be noted that the influx was primarily driven by false social media campaigns which propagated the claim that "Spain is Open".

The 2nd meeting of the BRICS Science Academies Forum 2026 was held at the IIT Hyderabad under the theme "Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development and Strengthening Global South Cooperation".

Additionally, India hosted the BRICS Ministers of Interior Meeting in New Delhi.

France has become the first nation within the European Union (EU) to officially prohibit the use of social media platforms for children under 15 years of age.

President Droupadi Murmu visited Romania at the invitation of NicuSor Dan, the President of Romania. She was conferred with the 'Doctor Honoris Causa' award by the Bucharest University of Economic Studies (BUES).

India and Romania signed 3 MoUs in the sectors of science and technology, education, and sports. Both nations declared 2028 as the 'India-Romania Year of Innovation' to commemorate 80 years of diplomatic relations.

Andy Burnham has assumed office as the 59th Prime Minister (PM) of the United Kingdom (UK), succeeding Keir Starmer who resigned from the position.

He was invited by King Charles III at Buckingham Palace to form a new government in a traditional ceremony known as 'kissing hands.'

The Chinese aerospace company, Orienspace, has successfully launched its 'Gravity-1 Y4' carrier rocket from a sea-based platform in the East China Sea. The mission successfully deployed 9 satellites into their intended orbits.

It is to be noted that this was the 3rd flight of the rocket and its 1st long-range sea launch.

Bassirou Diomaye Faye, the President of Senegal, has been appointed as the new Chairman of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).

He was elected during the 69th Ordinary Session of the Authority of Heads of State and Government held in Sierra Leone. He succeeds the President of Sierra Leone, Julius Maada Bio, for a one-year term.

The World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization (WAICO) has been officially launched in Shanghai, China. Proposed by China, it is an intergovernmental body designed to foster global AI cooperation, develop civilian AI regulations, and bridge the technological compute divide.

It is headquartered in Shanghai. A total of 29 countries, including Russia, Pakistan, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia, and Malaysia, have signed its founding convention.

Hussein Ali Mwinyi, the President of Zanzibar and Chairman of the Revolutionary Council, visited India at the invitation of Vice President CP Radhakrishnan.

The visit reinforced the India-Tanzania Strategic Partnership, focusing on bilateral trade, investment, and capacity building.

Mwinyi met Union Minister S Jaishankar to review development partnerships, including the IIT Madras Zanzibar, which serves as a Centre of Excellence (CoE) for higher education in Africa.

During the visit, he attended the 63rd convocation of IIT Madras and unveiled the master plan for the 200-acre IIT Madras Zanzibar campus at Fumba Peninsula.

It is to be noted that this is the first international IIT campus of India.

The 16th BRICS Health Ministers' Meeting was held in Chandigarh under the BRICS Chairship of India for 2026. The meeting was held under the theme 'Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability' to strengthen cooperation in public health priorities and global health architecture.

Additionally, under the BRICS Presidency of India for 2026, the Ministry of Education convened the International Governing Board (IGB) meeting of the BRICS Network University (BRICS NU) in a virtual format.

India hosted the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) Heads of Anti-Drug Agencies Meeting in Guwahati, Assam.

During the meeting, member nations adopted the 'Guwahati Declaration', and India proposed the establishment of a dedicated BRICS Virtual Working Group (VWG) to address evolving drug trafficking trends and enhance cross-border training initiatives.

India also organized the 'GO-BRICS India-Russia Energy-o-thon 2026' in Bengaluru, which is the world's first hackathon involving BRICS nations. Additionally, the BRICS Academic Thematic Conference, themed 'Strengthening BRICS Connectivity: Fostering Cooperation', was jointly organized by the Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and the BRICS Expert Council Russia in Moscow, Russia.

Union Minister S Jaishankar has launched India's campaign for election as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) for the 2028-29 term at the UN Headquarters in New York. The campaign is themed "SHANTI: Securing Holistic Advancement through Norms, Trust and Integrity".

It is to be noted that the UNSC comprises 15 members, including five permanent members with veto power (China, France, Russia, UK, and USA) and 10 non-permanent members. India has served as a non-permanent member of the UNSC eight times.

India has deposited its Instrument of Acceptance for the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies (AFS), becoming a party to the agreement. India is the 123rd member to deposit its acceptance for the same.

The AFS, adopted at the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference in Geneva in 2022, is the first multilateral WTO agreement with an environmental sustainability objective.

It prohibits government support for illegal fishing and overexploitation of stocks, contributing to the protection of marine life. It is to be noted that the agreement entered into force in September 2025, following acceptance by two-thirds of WTO members.

Mindaugas Sinkevicius, the leader of the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party (LSDP), has been sworn in as the 20th Prime Minister (PM) of Lithuania. He succeeds Inga Ruginiene.

The Parliament of Ukraine (Verkhovna Rada) has approved the appointment of Sergii Koretskyi as the new Prime Minister (PM). He succeeds Yulia Svyrydenko.

India hosted the BRICS Women Ministerial Meeting (WMM) in Kochi, Kerala under its BRICS Chairship 2026. During the meeting, member nations reached a consensus on two initiatives proposed by India: the 'BRICS Digital Repository of Best Practices' and 'BRICS Digital Capacity Building'.

India also hosted the 3rd BRICS Transport Ministers' Meeting (TMM) in Nagpur, Maharashtra, chaired by Union Minister Nitin Gadkari. The meeting concluded with the unanimous adoption of the Ministerial Declaration.